Non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics in Coulomb crystals




  


1Turku Centre for Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy,
University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
2Institute for Complex Quantum Systems and Center for Integrated Quantum
Science and Technologies, Universitat Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
3Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
4Center for Quantum Engineering, Department of Applied Physics,
Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, FIN-00076 Aalto, Finland
5Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics,
Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom




We present an in-depth study of the non-equilibrium statistics of the irreversible work produced during sudden quenches in proximity of the structural linear-zigzag transition of ion Coulomb crystals in 1+1 dimensions. By employing both an analytical approach based on a harmonic expansion and numerical simulations, we show the divergence of the average irreversible work in proximity of the transition. We show that the non-analytic behaviour of the work fluctuations can be characterized in terms of the critical exponents of the quantum Ising chain. Thanks to the technological advancements in trapped ion experiments, our results can be readily verified. 

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